Eye tracking dans les facteurs humains Q1 2025

This study proposes a probabilistic model using neural and physiological responses to continuously predict performance during multitasking. Though multitasking performance is known to be time-varying depending on task demand, there is limited research modeling temporal changes in multitasking performance. We applied a dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) to predict multitasking performance while recording participants’ eye movements and electroencephalogram (EEG) band power during the Multi-Attribute Task Battery II task. Our DBN model including multimodal eye...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro X3-120
• Tobii Pro Studio

Objective To assess whether the two-person ventilation technique during simulated neonatal resuscitation enables higher ventilation quality compared with the one-person technique, as measured by expiratory tidal volume (eVT), mask leak, positive inspiratory pressure, respiratory rate, and minute ventilation. Study design We conducted a randomized, cross-over simulation trial including 74 neonatal care providers at the Neonatal Simulation Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. Participants performed bag-mask ventilation using one-person and two-pers...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Glasses
• Tobii Pro Lab

Despite efforts of governments and practitioners in formulating and implementing safety regulations and measures, it remains challenging for construction workers to entirely detect and avoid construction hazards, resulting in frequent incidents and causing severe injuries and substantial property losses. Previous studies focused on analyzing the impacts of external factors and individual factors on construction workers’ hazard recognition, while the impacts of safety capacity and personalized safety training were less studied. To fill in the research gap...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Nano

Alcohol consumption and involvement in non-driving related tasks (NDRT) are the main causes of human error in driving. Identifying and controlling these factors can improve human-autonomous driving systems by increasing their ability to support the driver and reducing the risk of accidents. However, research on takeover performance during autonomous driving has largely examined the effects of alcohol consumption and NDRT in isolation. Thirty young and middle-aged participants were recruited for this study and divided into alcohol and non-alcohol groups (...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Glasses 2

For AR/VR/MR applications, eye tracking is a powerful tool for a highly immersive and intuitive user experience. The Tobii Lens Technology offers a fast and gentle lens-casting process that allows the embedding of sensitive elements, such as electronics, inside prescription lenses. This technology enabled the production of Tobii Pro Glasses 3, containing lens-embedded LED illuminators and small cameras that directly image the eye. However, for the future of AR, the bar on industrial design and performance is set even higher. We are developing a next-gene...Afficher plus

The advent of large language models has transformed human-robot interaction by enabling robots to execute tasks via natural language commands. However, these models primarily depend on unimodal data, which limits their ability to integrate diverse and essential environmental, physiological, and physical data. To address the limitations of current unimodal dataset problems, this paper investigates the novel and comprehensive multimodal data collection methodologies which can fully capture the complexity of human interaction in the complex real-world kitch...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Glasses 3
• Tobii Pro Lab

With the development of the smart cockpit, in-vehicle list selection tasks have become increasingly common in IVIS (In-Vehicle Infotainment System). This study investigated three steering wheel gestures—Arrow Buttons (AB), Direct Manipulation (DM), and Direct Manipulation with Scroll-bar (DMS)—for controlling the IVIS. The effects on efficiency, driving performance, visual load / cognitive load, safety, and subjective task load were examined in a simulated driving environment using common driving and eye movement metrics. Results indicated that the DMS g...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Glasses 3
• Tobii Pro Lab

Objective: To support data-driven healthcare, digital applications of patient and outcome information bundled in dashboards can be used in daily care. This study investigated the usage, user-friendliness, and added value of patient and outcome information applications from a clinician’s perspective.Design: We used a mixed-methods design, including surveys (n = 56 clinicians), interviews (n = 16 clinicians), and eye-tracking experiments (n = 8 clinicians) across 3 different settings: a specialized clinic, a rehabilitation centre, and a general hospital. T...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Glasses 3
• Tobii Pro X3-120

Background: The COVID pandemic exposed limitations in online learning platforms. This study explores Real-time Shared Gaze Visualizations (SGVs), which use eye-tracking data to restore non-verbal social cues and improve teacher-learner communication. We aim to: (1) identify gaze patterns linked to learning, (2) compare these patterns across visual augmentation conditions, and (3) examine their impact from a teaching perspective. Methods: We analyze eye-tracking data from 75 learners completing microcontroller-based tasks with instructor support. The acti...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Glasses 2

Despite the approval of over 200 artificial intelligence (AI) applications for radiology in the European Union, widespread adoption in clinical practice remains limited. Current assessments of AI applications often rely on post-hoc evaluations, lacking the granularity to capture real-time radiologist-AI interactions. The purpose of the study is to realise the Radiology AI lab for real-time, objective measurement of the impact of AI applications on radiologists’ workflows. We proposed the user-state sensing framework (USSF) to structure the sensing of rad...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Nano
• Tobii Pro Lab

"Time in nature" is widely acknowledged as beneficial for physical and psychological health. The landscape environment of campus – referred to as "campus-scape" – plays a crucial role in influencing students’ mental health. It provides outdoor spaces where university students sought for relief and recreation, yet it remains under-researched. In this study, we address a limitation in the static assessment of restorative effects of campus-scape, and extend the focus from visual to non-visual and event landscape, using simultaneously collected psychological...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Glasses 3
• Tobii Pro Lab
• Ergoneers

BACKGROUND

• Tobii Pro Spark

Dual-task (DT) ability is essential in sports, where athletes must perform motor and cognitive tasks simultaneously. Virtual reality (VR), with its enhanced performance and affordability, offers a valuable tool for training and assessing these abilities. This study aimed to develop VR scenarios to measure DT costs and compare DT ability between athletes from individual (IG) and team (TG) sports using a basketball-specific scenario.

• Tobii VR

In this paper, we present an eye tracking experiment to evaluate how blue light filtering of digital maps reduces visual fatigue and thus promotes vision care in public health. Prolonged exposure to light from digital screen reading results in visual fatigue, and visible light in the blue range exacerbates visual fatigue because it requires the highest energy output to display onscreen. System‐level blue light filtering increasingly is used as a “nighttime” mode for short screen sessions at night and is purported to combat visual fatigue for longer scree...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro X3-120

The widespread adoption of positioning technology and location-based services has resulted in the continuous generation of substantial volumes of accessible spatiotemporal trajectory data. While many studies focus on 2D trajectory visualization, research on visual overload in 3D space remains limited. Thus, there is a need to balance the presentation of spatiotemporal information and to minimize visual occlusions in the 3D representation of trajectories. To address this gap, we propose a global-local cooperative optimization method based on cognitive loa...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro X3-120
• Tobii Pro Lab

Mesh saliency aims to empower artificial intelligence with strong adaptability to highlight regions that naturally attract visual attention. Existing advances primarily emphasize the crucial role of geometric shapes in determining mesh saliency, but it remains challenging to flexibly sense the unique visual appeal brought by the realism of complex texture patterns. To investigate the interaction between geometric shapes and texture features in visual perception, we establish a comprehensive mesh saliency dataset, capturing saliency distributions for iden...Afficher plus

• Tobii VR

Studies have shown that prolonged Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) fatigue can increase the risk of mental illness and lead to a higher probability of errors and accidents during operations. Virtual Reality (VR) technology can simultaneously stimulate multiple senses such as visual, auditory, and tactile, providing an immersive experience that enhances cognition and understanding. Therefore, this study collects multimodal data to develop evaluation methods for HCI fatigue and further explores the fatigue-relieving effects of VR technology by comparing it...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Glasses 3
• Tobii Pro Lab

The traffic behavior characteristics within university campuses have received limited scholarly attention, despite their distinct differences from external road networks. These differences include the predominance of non-motorized vehicles and pedestrians in traffic flow composition, as well as traffic peaks primarily coinciding with class transition periods. To investigate the riding behavior of cyclists on university campuses, this study examines cyclist attention, proposes a novel method for constructing a rider attention recognition framework, utiliz...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Glasses 2

Digital transformation in contract administration seeks to improve efficiency and transparency, yet cognitive biases in contract interpretation remain unresolved. This paper investigates how stakeholders' professional expertise shapes their cognitive and behavioral responses to contract terms, particularly for the main contractor's obligations or liabilities. A controlled experiment was designed to compare three groups of samples using electroencephalography (EEG) and behavioral metrics. The legal practice group demonstrated shorter gaze durations, highe...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Lab
• Brain Products

Classification of construction resource states, using sensor data analytics, has implications for improving informed decision-making for safety and productivity. However, training on sensor data analytics in construction education faces challenges owing to the complexity of analytical processes and the large stream of raw data involved. This research presents the development and user evaluation of ActionSens, a block-based end-user programming platform, for training students from construction-related disciplines to classify resources using sensor data an...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Glasses 3
• Tobii Pro Lab

The goal of cross-view matching between street and aerial images is to retrieve aerial-view images that correspond to a given street-view image from a database of GPS-tagged aerial images. This task relies on image cross-view matching technology, focusing on the extraction and alignment of features representing the same location in both image types. The significant differences in perspective and appearance between street-view images and aerial-view images present a challenge. Aerial-view images cover a broader area, while street-view images focus on spec...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Spectrum

This paper focuses on the comparison of traditional and digital side mirrors in passenger cars during parallel and perpendicular parking maneuvers. The study was conducted on a closed testing ground, where data were collected through field measurements involving a relatively homogeneous group of drivers. The primary aim of the research was to evaluate how the use of digital mirrors affects parking speed and accuracy compared to traditional mirrors, and whether this new technology offers tangible benefits in terms of usability and safety. The key paramete...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Glasses 2

The accuracy of radiological diagnostics is crucial for providing effective medical treatment, ensuring that patients receive timely and appropriate care. Despite the efforts of numerous medical studies to identify radiological errors, this has a negligible effect, and the percentage of annual errors does not decrease. To a large extent, this is explained by the constancy of human perceptual abilities. This study investigates the idea of analyzing longitudinal gaze paths of radiologists and finding consistent patterns associated with diagnostic errors. T...Afficher plus

Background: The adenoma detection rate is higher among endoscopists who spend more time observing screen edges during colonoscopies. Nonetheless, eye movement parameters related to lesion detection remain unknown. This study aimed to determine the specific eye movement parameters related to colorectal adenoma detection, including the gaze rate in a particular area and eye movement speed.Methods: This study was a post hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial investigating the effect of modifying the eye movements of endoscopists on colorectal adenoma...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Spark

In recent years, the rapid development of remote tower technology has made it crucial to accurately assess the situational awareness (SA) levels of remote tower controllers. Such an assessment is significant for controller training and remote tower system design. This study employed the SART scale to compare controllers’ SA scores in traditional and remote tower environments. Results revealed significant differences, especially in attention demand and situational understanding. Subsequently, a quantitative analysis of controllers’ perception, understandi...Afficher plus

Time perception refers to the subjective assessment of event duration. In architecture and urban design, time is often treated as a standardized unit, with limited focus on how users perceive time in space at the micro-scale, particularly regarding discrepancies between objective environments and spatial perception. Recent advancements in physiological sensing technologies enable quantitative studies of spatial perception. This study examines the relationship between pedestrians’ time perception and micro-level streetscape elements from a visual percepti...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Glasses 3

Traffic accidents are a major global health and economic concern. As such, research into understanding driving behaviors becomes essential to minimize the associated risks. Among various factors that can influence driving behaviors, listening to music while driving is a complex task that needs investigation. Music can enhance arousal and manage stress, which could potentially improve one’s driving performance. Listening to music, however, also competes for cognitive resources, increasing one’s mental workload and potentially degrading the driving ability...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Glasses 2

Qualitative color schemes are often designed without considering people with color vision deficiency, causing confusion when reading maps. Thus, this paper proposes an automatic approach to enhancing existing qualitative color schemes for color vision deficiency. We built an optimization model by combining color similarity and discrimination to obtain enhanced color schemes similar to the original schemes that are distinguishable by people with color vision deficiency. We provide a case study in which the Tianjin metro map and the Liaoning land cover map...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro X3-120
• Tobii Pro Lab

Upon entering tunnel entrance and transition zones, drivers experience the “black hole effect” which necessitates visual adaptation due to reduced illumination. This phenomenon increases the risk of rear-end collisions. While the brake lights are crucial for traffic safety, strategies to enhance visibility under dark adaptation conditions require further investigation. Existing research has primarily focused on the general properties and effects of the brake lights. However, conclusive results regarding the optimal flicker frequency for the brake lights ...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Studio
• Tobii Pro Lab

E-scooters are becoming a popular means of urban transportation. However, this increased popularity brings challenges, such as road accidents and conflicts when sharing space with traditional transport modes. An in-depth understanding of e-scooter rider behaviour is crucial for ensuring rider safety, guiding infrastructure planning, and enforcing traffic rules. In this paper, we investigated the riding behaviours of e-scooter users through a naturalistic study. We recruited 23 participants, equipped with a bike computer, eye-tracking glasses and cameras,...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Glasses 3
• Tobii Pro Lab

In the context of intensive urban development strategies, the Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) model has emerged as a crucial strategy, requiring a high degree of integration of various functional spaces and traffic flows in transport stations. Complex spaces and traffic flows require an effective Guidance Signage System design to ensure efficient guidance and easy transfers. In order to choose the spatial location of the Guidance Signage System in the connecting space of TOD stations and to improve the efficiency of their guidance and visual saliency,...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Glasses 2
• Tobii Pro Lab

Existing studies have shown that the lighting environment is essential in influencing a driver’s visual behavior. Due to the pivotal role of high-speed railway (HSR) in worldwide transit, it is necessary to examine how HSR drivers’ visual behavior adjust under different lighting environments. However, the methods for evaluating and categorizing lighting conditions have not been fully explored. In this study, we established a general framework for examining the impact of lighting on driver’s visual behavior. The application of this framework to explore th...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Nano

In design research, there is a need for research methods that allow for larger numbers of participants in empirical studies, as small sample sizes lead to less statistically reliable results. The number of participants is limited by current research methods, such as protocol analysis, interviews, or analysis of eye tracking videos, because they require a lot of manual work during the evaluation. This is particularly noticeable in studies that analyze the cognitive processes of designers, e.g., during concept synthesis. Therefore, the goal of this paper i...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Glasses 2

With the rapid development of underground rail transit, subway spaces have become an essential part of modern urban life. While carefully designed subway spaces with appropriate scales can significantly enhance passengers' spatial perception and associated visual comfort, there has been a lack of quantitative approaches to systematically investigating the optimal scale for subway station hall (SSH) designs. In this study, we identified five common spatial morphology types of SSH from cross-sections: column-free rectangular, column-free curved, column-fre...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro X3-120

Identifying the absence of situation awareness (SA) in air traffic controllers is critical since it directly affects their hazard perception. This study aims to introduce and validate a multimodal methodology employing electroencephalogram (EEG) and eye-tracking to investigate SA variation within specific air traffic control contexts. Data from 28 participants executing the experiment involving three different SA-probe tests illustrated the conceptual relationship between EEG and eye-tracking indicators and SA variations, using behavioural data as a prox...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Fusion
• Tobii Pro Lab

Automated driving has emerged as a potential solution to address the shortage of drivers in the logistics industry. For its implementation, it is crucial to ensure the acceptance of drivers surrounding automated vehicles. This study focused on examining how the external Human Machine Interface (eHMI) of automated trucks, along with the timing of encounters at highway junctions, can influence the driving behavior and acceptance of surrounding drivers. A driving simulator scenario was used to investigate visual behaviors, subjective evaluations, and drivin...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Glasses 2

Robot‐assisted minimally invasive surgery has effectively addressed the challenges faced by traditional minimally invasive surgery. Well‐designed preoperative planning is crucial for robot‐assisted minimally invasive surgery.

• Tobii Pro Nano

In the post-pandemic era, people’s demand for health is intense, and slow-moving greenways have become a preferred choice for daily recreation and physical and mental healing under the healthy city concept. Based on the theories of Kuang-Ao and restorative environments, this study integrates questionnaires, galvanic skin response, and eye-tracking methodologies for physical and mental evaluations. ErgoLAB and Excel were utilized for preprocessing data on emotional pleasure, galvanic skin response change rate, perceptual dimension, and average pupil diame...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Glasses 3

Objectives. Air traffic controllers should maintain high situational awareness (SA) and low cognitive workload to ensure aviation safety. However, increased task complexity may influence air traffic controllers’ SA and cognitive workload. Meanwhile, eye-tracking provides insights into the gaze patterns that might signify SA. This article investigates the gaze behaviours, SA and cognitive workload of different radar screen monitoring tasks with varying task complexity. Methods. Twenty-eight participants performed three radar screen monitoring tasks, inclu...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Fusion
• Tobii Pro Lab

Medical ultrasound has been widely used to examine vascular structure in modern clinical practice. However, traditional ultrasound examination often faces challenges related to inter- and intra-operator variation. The robotic ultrasound system (RUSS) appears as a potential solution for such challenges because of its superiority in stability and reproducibility. Given the complex anatomy of human vasculature, multiple vessels often appear in ultrasound images, or a single vessel bifurcates into branches, complicating the examination process. To tackle thi...Afficher plus

Recent studies have demonstrated that integrating AI into colonoscopy procedures significantly improves the adenoma detection rate (ADR) and reduces the adenoma miss rate (AMR). However, few studies address the critical issue of endoscopist-AI collaboration in real-world settings. Eye-tracking data collection is considered a promising approach to uncovering how endoscopists and AI interact and influence each other during colonoscopy procedures. A common limitation of existing studies is their reliance on retrospective video clips, which fail to capture t...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Nano

Can eye tracking enable VR users to target and select elements at par or better than controller or head-based targeting? We explored visual feedback methods (none, cursor, outline and resize) for gaze targeting with a button press for selection, and an ecologically valid representation of commercially available user interfaces with a body-locked, grid-based design. Forty participants interacted with a 5x5 square element grid, and elements subtended either 3-, 6- or 9-degrees of visual angle. If the participant looked out of the grid boundary, on button p...Afficher plus

• Tobii VR

Despite the introduction of preventive safety measures, such as near-miss reporting, to mitigate accidents and minimize fatalities, construction workers are constantly exposed to stressful situations that negatively affect their safety behavior and reporting efficiency. Occupational stress is induced by various factors, with mental stress and auditory stress being common workplace stressors that impact workers on the job site. While previous studies have demonstrated the effect of stressor conditions on workers’ hazard recognition and safety performance,...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Glasses 2
• Tobii Pro Lab

The enclosed environment of a road tunnel restricts the dispersion of fire smoke, leading to its rapid accumulation, which significantly hampers firefighting efforts and personnel evacuation. Therefore, exploring more effective methods for smoke control is essential. This study evaluates the feasibility of negative air ion purifiers for suppressing tunnel fire smoke through full-scale tests. The purification performance of the purifiers at various installation heights was assessed by analyzing the concentration of negative air ions, the variation in fine...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Glasses 3
• Tobii Pro Lab

Assessing pain in neonates is crucial for their management but is inherently subjective. This study investigated the effects of visual attention, gaze patterns, and empathic responses of neonatal healthcare professionals on their assessments of neonatal pain.

• Tobii Pro Fusion
• Tobii Pro Lab

This paper presents DriVQA, a novel dataset that combines gaze plots and heatmaps with visual question-answering (VQA) data from participants who were presented with driving scenarios. Visual Questioning Answering (VQA) is proposed as a part of the vehicle autonomy trustworthiness and interpretability solution in decision-making by autonomous vehicles. Collected using the Tobii Pro X3-120 eye-tracking device, the DriVQA dataset provides a comprehensive mapping of where participants direct their gaze when presented with images of driving scenes, followed ...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro X3-120
• Tobii Pro Studio

To encourage people to participate in bus travel, it is important to explore the factors that affect their willingness to ride. Previous studies have rarely considered both subjective and objective factors that affect passenger willingness. We designed a laboratory experiment based on the stimulus-organism-response framework using the waiting scene as the stimulus, perception of crowding (POC) and the emotion and eye-tracking indicators of waiting passengers as the organism, and willingness to ride as the behavioral response. A total of 64 participants w...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Spectrum
• Tobii Pro Studio

To solve the narrow viewing zone problem in electro-holography, we previously proposed [Appl. Opt. 63, B76 (2024)APOPAI0003-693510.1364/AO.507391] a viewing zone expansion method that uses eye-tracking to dynamically switch between multiple reconstruction lights. This paper proposes a new optical system, to our knowledge, that removes high-order diffracted light to enable binocular vision, which was not possible with the previous method. In this new system, barriers, liquid crystal shutters, and concave mirrors arranged in a fan shape remove high-order d...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Fusion

Background: When measuring complex cognitive constructs, it is crucial to correctly design the evaluation items in order to trigger the intended knowledge and skills. Furthermore, assessing the validity of an assessment requires considering not only the content of the evaluation tasks, but also how examinees perform by engaging construct-relevant response processes. Objectives: We used eye-tracking techniques to examine item response processes in the assessment of digital competence. The eye-tracking observations helped to fill an ‘explanatory gap’ by pr...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro X2-60 / X2-30
• Tobii Pro Lab

Peripheral intravenous cannulation (PIVC) is a common and complex procedure with low first-attempt success rates, causing patient suffering and increased healthcare costs. Quiet Eye (QE) training, a gaze-focused approach, has shown promise in improving procedural PIVC skills. We will examine the effectiveness of traditional technical training (TT) and QE training (QET) on student nurse PIVC performance.

• Tobii Pro Lab

Autonomous agents are increasingly becoming construction workers’ teammates, making them an integral part of tomorrow’s construction industry. Although many expect that worker–autonomy teaming will enhance construction efficiency, the presence of auto-agents, or robots necessitates an appropriate level of trust-building between workers and their autonomous counterparts, especially because these auto-agents’ perfection still cannot be guaranteed. Although researchers have widely explored human–autonomy trust in various domains—such as manufacturing and th...Afficher plus

• Tobii VR

In supervisory control tasks, particularly in high-risk fields, operators need to collaborate with automated intelligent agents to manage dynamic, time-sensitive, and uncertain information. Effective human–agent collaboration relies on transparent interface communication to align with the operator’s cognition and enhance trust. This paper proposes a human-centered adaptive transparency information design framework (ATDF), which dynamically adjusts the display of transparency information based on the operator’s needs and the task type. This ensures that i...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Fusion
• Tobii Pro Lab

Color is an important attribute of human-perceived human-machine interface (HMI), and it is unclear which color combinations produce the best performance and user experience in visual search tasks. Taking the metro electronic guide screen (MEGS) as an example, the eye-tracking (E-T) device is used to record the pupil diameter and search time, and the Likert scale is used to evaluate the satisfaction and usability, and the influence of the four factors of background hue, saturation, brightness and text color in HMI on user search efficiency and user exper...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro X2-60 / X2-30
• Tobii Pro Studio

The segmentation of medical images is an important step in various diagnostic applications, including abnormality detection and radiotherapy planning. Recent developments in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have significantly advanced the field of segmentation automation. However, expert-level accuracy has not been achieved for most segmentation tasks, which significantly hampers the adoption of fully-automated medical image segmentation. This paper investigates the idea of efficient correction of medical image segmentation by using not manual controller com...Afficher plus

Objectives An interdisciplinary research team began developing a new simulation-based medical education (SBME) method called drama and simulation-based medical education (DSBME) with HiFi manikins in Advanced Life Support (ALS) classes with fifth-year medical students. Methods This study involved 80 fifth-year medical students who participated in 20 true experiments ALS simulations, employing both SBME and DSBME approaches in equal measure. Participants' personalities were evaluated using the Big Five Inventory (BFI), and their workloads were measured th...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Glasses
• Tobii Pro Studio

Alignment between human knowledge and machine learning models is crucial for achieving efficient and interpretable AI systems. However, conventional self-supervised pre-training methods often suffer from low efficiency, as they do not incorporate human knowledge during the pre-training process and instead rely mainly on post-hoc alignment techniques. We propose Gaze Pre-Training (GzPT), a novel approach that introduces early alignment with human eye gaze information during the pre-training process to enhance both the learning efficiency and performance o...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Nano

This study aimed to analyze the impact of changing the proximity and type of window view on the building occupants’ psychophysiological responses based on virtual reality. Nine scenarios were set, considering type of window view (i.e., urban, mixed, and natural) and proximity of window view (i.e., distant, moderate, and nearby). In each scenario, psychological responses (i.e., Visual content and Visual Privacy), and physiological responses (i.e., average of through-to-peak amplitude (TTPavg), average of phasic amplitude (Phasicavg), average of skin tempe...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Lab
• Tobii VR

Shared gaze, where collaborators can see each other's point of gaze visualized on their screen in real time, is a novel non-verbal mechanism that augments remote collaborations and increases shared awareness and common grounding. While past studies have focused on well-structured tasks and analyzed task performance and efficiency, our study explores the domain of collaborative drawing for recreational purposes and focuses on collaborators' own perceptions. We surveyed 75 users of online collaborative drawing platforms who mostly drew collaboratively for ...Afficher plus

With the implementation of the “rural revitalization” strategy, many traditional villages face the challenges of renewal and revitalization. A scientific and effective understanding of these renovation strategies is crucial in the renewal design process. This study integrates eye-tracking technology and subjective evaluation methods to construct a research framework for assessing cognitive preferences regarding architectural renovation strategies in traditional villages. Three villages in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China—She Village, Lixiang Village, and...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Glasses 2
• Tobii Pro Lab

The city’s rapid development would lead to irreversible changes in architectural heritage. As one of the ways to promote sustainable development, world heritage tourism has opened up a new perspective for the protection, inheritance and development of architectural heritage. Taking the study of architectural heritage in the Historic Centre of Macau as an example, employing eye-tracking experiment and semantic differential method (SD method) to explore the relationship between tourists’ perceptions of visual elements of architectural heritage, positive em...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Spectrum
• Tobii Pro Lab

The vehicle lateral movement is usually modeled as a continuous process in traffic systems research; however, the phased modeling of lateral offsets is ignored. In this paper, the dynamic lane change process was discretized based on the time interval of continuous side mirrors to establish a multistep decision model between vehicle lateral offset and vehicle interaction scenarios. This paper proposed a method for modeling the road ahead and measuring the lateral offset by using perspective projection. The lane-changing decision time window was calibrated...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Glasses 2

Fatigue can cause human error, which is the main cause of accidents. In this study, the dynamic fatigue recognition of unmanned electric locomotive operators under high-altitude, cold and low oxygen conditions was studied by combining physiological signals and multi-index information. The characteristic data from the physiological signals (ECG, EMG and EM) of 15 driverless electric locomotive operators were tracked and tested continuously in the field for 2 h, and a dynamic fatigue state evaluation model based on a first-order hidden Markov (HMM) dynamic...Afficher plus

• Tobii Pro Glasses 2
• Biopac

Digital pathology requires pathologists to assess tissue digitally rather than on an analog microscope, which has been the mainstay tool for tissue assessment for more than a century. The impact of different digital interaction configurations on pathologists’ performance is not well understood. This work focuses on the impact of the display window size for diagnostic assessment.

• Tobii Pro Fusion
• Tobii Pro Lab