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See like a champion: Elevating the visual skills of performance drivers

  • Blog
  • by Cristiano Giardina
  • 5 min

Image courtesy of Avehil/Skydrive - Tobii Pro Glasses 3.
Image courtesy of Avehil/Skydrive - Tobii Pro Glasses 3.

Avehil by Skydrive is redefining how drivers learn to see the track. By combining high‑fidelity simulation with cutting‑edge eye tracking technology, Skydrive creates an environment where visual behavior becomes measurable, analyzable, and trainable. This project brings together motorsport expertise, advanced engineering, and human‑performance research to understand — and improve — the way drivers look, think, and make decisions on track. 

Analysis of ocular movements in real and simulated environments 

One of the fundamental principles of driving technique states that the car goes where the eyes go. The correct management of visual attention during a corner approach, turn-in and mid-corner phase is a key factor in performance. 

Every trajectory is born from the eyes. Every decision takes shape in a fraction of a second, in a precise point of the track that the driver chooses to look at. 

Great drivers do not see more
They see better
And above all, they see earlier

The driver must be able to identify and process, in the correct temporal sequence, braking references, apex, exit trajectory, dashboard information, and mirrors. This process must happen automatically, with minimal cognitive load and maximum perceptual efficiency

In top-level drivers, these dynamics appear natural. In reality, they are the result of: 

  • High concentration capability 

  • Extremely fast saccadic eye movements 

  • High-speed visual information processing 

  • Well-developed perceptual anticipation skills 

For most amateur or developing drivers, these abilities must be acquired, trained and structured

From this awareness, the project developed with Dominik Dedic – Junior Performance Development Engineer at Sauber Motorsport, Tobii and Skydrive was born. 

A project that brings together high-level motorsport, state-of-the-art eye tracking technology, advanced simulation and human performance research. 

Project objectives 

The research project is focused on the quantitative analysis of drivers’ eye movements in different operational contexts. 

The main objectives are: 

  • To characterize the visual behavior of professional drivers 

  • To compare it with that of amateur and non-professional drivers 

  • To identify recurring patterns, significant differences and areas for improvement 

  • To lay the foundations for the development of eye-tracking-based training tools 

By analyzing the gaze, we access the most intimate part of driving: the decision-making process. And above all, thanks to Tobii wearable eye trackers, gaze becomes data. 

No longer a feeling, but something quantifiable, measurable, analyzable and therefore trainable and improvable. 

Image courtesy of Avehil/Skydrive - Alessio Rovera – Official Ferrari Competizioni GT in the Avehil by Skydrive simulator.
Image courtesy of Avehil/Skydrive - Alessio Rovera – Official Ferrari Competizioni GT in the Avehil by Skydrive simulator.

Methodology 

To ensure data validity, the project is based on three key elements: 

  • Real environment – On-track testing 

  • High-fidelity virtual environment – Avehil by Skydrive simulator 

  • High-performance eye tracking system – Tobii Pro Glasses 3

This is where Skydrive’s contribution becomes crucial. In addition to providing the Avehil simulation structure, which is cutting-edge in many aspects relevant to this research, Skydrive also has the expertise, know-how and motorsport network required to organize on-track tests with different cars and drivers, on different circuits. 

Eye tracking technology – Tobii 

All of this would be meaningless without the right measurement tool. 

A high-performance wearable eye tracker was required, capable of being worn under a racing helmet and operating reliably in extreme conditions. 

Tobii Pro Glasses 3 was selected for: 

  • High sampling frequency 

  • High gaze detection accuracy 

  • Signal stability under vibration 

  • Reliability in low-light conditions 

  • Compatibility with highly dynamic, high-acceleration environments 

These characteristics allowed the acquisition of reliable ocular data both on track and in simulation. 

On-track testing 

1 – Barcelona – Ferrari Challenge Europe | Ferrari 296 Challenge | AM Driver 

During Friday FP1 of the Ferrari Challenge Europe race weekend, a Bronze driver wore Tobii Pro Glasses 3  for data collection in real competitive conditions. This was the first dynamic test and allowed the collection of a significant amount of data. 

Image courtesy of Avehil/Skydrive - Matteo Cairoli wearing Tobii Pro Glasses 3 at Imola
Image courtesy of Avehil/Skydrive - Matteo Cairoli wearing Tobii Pro Glasses 3 at Imola

2 – Imola – Italian GT Championship | Ferrari 296 Challenge | PRO-AM Crew 

PRO: Matteo Cairoli 
AM: Bronze driver 

The Imola circuit, characterised by blind corners, elevation changes and complex braking zones, provided an ideal context to analyse visual management in high-complexity situations. This configuration also allowed direct comparison between a reference driver and a developing driver. 

Image courtesy of Avehil/Skydrive - Recording from Matteo Cairoli in action at Imola.
Image courtesy of Avehil/Skydrive - Recording from Matteo Cairoli in action at Imola.

3 – Portimão – LMP2 Oreca-Gibson | PRO-AM Crew 

PRO: Alessio Rovera – Official Ferrari Competizioni Driver 
PRO: Matthieu Vaxiviere – Former Official Alpine Driver 
AM: François Perrodo – Bronze Driver 

The combination of an extremely high-downforce prototype and a highly technical track made it possible to analyse visual behaviour under high perceptual and decisional demand. The possibility to alternate drivers of different performance levels in the same car provided highly comparable data sets. 

Simulation testing – Avehil by Skydrive 

In parallel, test sessions were designed and conducted on the Avehil by Skydrive simulator, dedicated to GT simulations. 

Image courtesy of Avehil/Skydrive - Avehil by Skydrive Professional driving simulator.
Image courtesy of Avehil/Skydrive - Avehil by Skydrive Professional driving simulator.

The structure features: 

  • 180° curved screen 

  • Three high-definition projectors 

  • Original Lamborghini Huracán frame 

  • Proprietary 3-DOF motion system 

  • Dedicated anti-motion sickness metrics 

The simulator was designed with a clear philosophy: Avoid conflict between visual and vestibular systems, drastically reducing nausea and fatigue. 

This made it possible to acquire ocular data in conditions extremely close to real driving. 

Our GT simulator proved to be ideal for this activity. Everything starts from the need to respect the adaptive capabilities of the human body and, specifically, the driver’s visual system. We brought a real car chassis into the simulator, mounted on our three-degrees-of-freedom motion system, and built a 180° visual environment that does not generate sensory conflicts.
Cristiano Giardina, CEO, Skydrive
Image courtesy of Avehil/Skydrive - Alessio Rovera – Official Ferrari Competizioni GT in the  Avehil by Skydrive simulator.
Image courtesy of Avehil/Skydrive - Alessio Rovera – Official Ferrari Competizioni GT in the Avehil by Skydrive simulator.

The value of simulation in research 

The simulator made possible what is impossible on track: 

  • Testing multiple circuits in the same session (Barcelona, Imola, Portimão) 

  • Direct comparison between professionals, AM drivers, e-racers and novices 

  • Repeatability of conditions 

  • Isolation of specific variables 

Once again, the quality of Tobii Pro Glasses 3 proved to be decisive: The lighting inside the simulator cockpit is significantly lower than in a real race car. Only an eye tracking system of this level could guarantee reliable data. 

The information reaching the brain from the eyes and the vestibular system is coherent. The result is an immersive environment that allows us to analyze visual behavior in a way that is extremely close to reality. And this is exactly what we observed during the tests.
Cristiano Giardina, CEO, Skydrive

See the track like a champion 

Talent is not enough. And experience alone is no longer sufficient. The future of performance lies in awareness and data. Training the gaze is revolutionary. 

Our goal is to create the first training system that teaches drivers: 

Where to look.

When to look.

How to anticipate.

To improve, it is not enough to copy champions. You must learn to think and act like champions

Summary 

We are not building a product. We are building a new way of seeing driving

When you change the way you look, you change the way you drive. And when you change the way you drive, you change the result. 

Written by

  • Cristiano Giardina

    Cristiano Giardina

    CEO, Skydrive

    Cristiano Giardina is the CEO of Skydrive, where he has spent the past decade advancing high‑fidelity racing simulation and driver‑development technologies. With experience spanning simulator engineering at Simtech, operational leadership at Dream Racing in Las Vegas, and team management as Team Principal in different top motorsports categories (like F3 and World Series by Renault...)

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