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Eye tracking insights in medical research Q4 2024

Eye tracking technology has enabled significant advancements in understanding medical conditions such as Post-COVID syndrome and postural tachycardia syndrome. By utilizing virtual reality environments, researchers have identified reaction time deficits and visual exploration challenges, providing novel diagnostic insights. These studies highlight the potential of eye tracking in uncovering pathophysiological mechanisms and improving patient care.

Impact of Visual Kinesthetic Illusions on Reciprocal Inhibition and Motor Function

Takeru Okouchi, Ryo Hirabayashi, Nao Sugai, Hirotake Yokota, Chie Sekine, Tomonobu Ishigaki, Makoto Komiya, Kodai Sakamoto & Mutsuaki Edama

Reciprocal inhibition is often diminished in elderly individuals and those with upper motor neuron disorders. This reduction in reciprocal inhibition can hinder smooth joint movement. For subjects who have increased muscle tone and a limited range of motion in the joints, we focused on visual kinesthetic illusions as an intervention to increase reciprocal inhibition. We aimed to investigate the effects of visual kinesthetic illusions on reciprocal inhibition and motor function in the ankle joint. Participants participated in two experiments measuring rec...

Enhancing Autism Detection Through Gaze Analysis Using Eye Tracking Sensors and Data Attribution with Distillation in Deep Neural Networks

Federica Colonnese, Francesco Di Luzio, Antonello Rosato & Massimo PanellaAdvances in Autism

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by differences in social communication and repetitive behaviors, often associated with atypical visual attention patterns. In this paper, the Gaze-Based Autism Classifier (GBAC) is proposed, which is a Deep Neural Network model that leverages both data distillation and data attribution techniques to enhance ASD classification accuracy and explainability. Using data sampled by eye tracking sensors, the model identifies unique gaze behaviors linked to ASD and applies an explaina...

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Visual Search in People with Macular Degeneration: A Virtual Reality Eye-Tracking Study

Theofilos Kempapidis, Ifigeneia Mavridou, Ellen Seiss, Claire L. Castle, Daisy Bradwell, Filip Panchevski, Sophia Cox & Renata S. M. Gomes

This study is the first to explore the usability of a commercial off the shelf (COTS) VR headset for people with macular degeneration (MD) in the context of visual search. Fourteen participants were recruited; 9 fully sighted and 5 with sight loss due to MD. Firstly, a visual grid search task was presented where participants were asked to identify and discriminate virtual objects and shapes. Secondly, affective audio-visual videos were presented in VR to assess participants processing of affective information. The experimental procedure involved both a p...

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A case-control study of reaction time deficits in a 3D virtual reality in patients with Post-COVID syndrome

Moritz Güttes, Marianna Lucio, Adam Skornia, Eva Rühl, Fritz Steußloff, Julia Zott, Christian Mardin, Wolfgang Mehringer, Marion Ganslmayer, Georg Michelson & Bettina HohbergerPLOS One

Following the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a large number of people continue to report Post-COVID symptoms (PCS). A wide variety of symptoms are described, including fatigue, post-exertional malaise and cognitive impairment. However, adequate objective diagnostic tests for PCS are not yet available. Since the neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2 could be a possible factor for cognitive impairment, the aim of this study was to clarify whether visual reaction time (RT) in a stereoscopic setting can be a marker in PCS diagnostics. The Virtual-Reality...

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